Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Celsius, the liquidity-strapped crypto lender that this week paid down $223 million of loans on the blockchain protocol Maker to free up $450 mill... Celsius, the liquidity-strappe...when considering Celsius or other energy drinks that may contain caffeine, guarana, or the other ingredients highlighted. Caffeine is not banned by the NCAA, rather it is limited. A student athlete must violate the 15 micrograms per milliliter (ug/ml, parts per million) NCAA caffeine limit in urine to test positive according to the 2021-2022 NCAACelsius is a popular energy drink with a stacked ingredient list and lots of claims of positive health benefits ( 1 ). Among the ingredients are green tea extract, …Celsius Energy Drinks. Apart from being a good source of caffeine, Celsius Energy Drink has a slew of other advantages. For nighttime pauses, 200mg of caffeine is ideal. For night shifts, the caffeine content is adequate. The flavor profiles are the best part of this drink.Sep 4, 2022 ... There's nothing special about Celsius energy drinks. They're just like every other energy drink from the past decades in that they rely on ...There is monster-sized risk in Monster Energy Beverage, says Belus Capital Advisors CEO Brian Sozzi. He drinks the drink, not the stock....PEP How quickly do we find support, is wh...Hello! I'm CaffeineMan and on my YouTube channel I go over Every Day Energy for Everyday People. I've reviewed over 1000 energy drinks from all the major energy drink brands, and even some smaller ones, so that I can help find you an energy drink that is perfect for you. Do you enjoy working out?Caffeinated soda (12 oz) 37: Celsius energy drink (12 oz) 200: Rockstar Original energy drink (16 oz) 160: Chocolate milk (8 oz) 2: Hot cocoa (12 oz) 8–12: Dark chocolate (1.45 oz) 30: Milk ... Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. Soft drinks that don’t contain any caffeine include 7-Up, most brands of root beer and certain fruit-flavored varieties. Other soft drinks that generally do not contain caffeine ar...Consuming high amounts of caffeine can be risky for adolescents. Caffeine acts as a stimulant to increase alertness, and combined with the sugar found in energy drinks, works to create a “jolt” of energy, Dr. Garcia explains. The high can include side effects such as increases in heart rate and blood pressure, jitters and insomnia, quickly ...Celsius: Runa: Key Points: Clean ingredients; organic caffeine (100mg) and L-theanine blend for focused energy; sweetened with monk fruit; 8g+ added sugar each ... Speaking of ingredients, Proper Wild’s natural energy drinks contain organic caffeine, L-theanine, organic flavoring, monk fruit juice, sea salt, and that’s about it.Celsius includes 200mg of caffeine anhydrous whereas, Aspire Energy includes 80mg of caffeine per serving. Caffeine is the most commonly used ingredient in energy drinks since it increases stamina and athletic ability. The caffeine content of each energy drink varies based on the brand. In comparison to Celsius Energy, caffeine statistics ... 5. Snack bars and energy drinks. Guarana is a plant named after the Guarani tribe, who brewed a drink using its seeds. Indigenous people in South America have used guarana as a medicine for many ... Celsius. Fizz Free Peach Mango Green Tea. Peach Mango Green Tea is one of CELSIUS' non-carbonated flavors and it's just as delicious as it sounds. Made with clinically proven ingredients, this flavor of CELSIUS has the perfect balance of flavor and energy that serves as an awesome pick-me-up for active lifestyles. Buy Now. Explore All 24 Flavors.Celsius Energy drink contains 100-300mg of caffeine depending on the version of the drink: Caffeine Content Celsius Energy Drink. Like most energy drinks, …Recently there has been a lot of talk about the NCAA‘s ban on the popular energy drink Celsius.While many believed this was due to the caffeine that the energy drink contains, Celsius is actually outlawed because of guarana extract — an ingredient that is completely banned by the NCAA.The decision to ban this drink is a reminder to college athletes to be …Caffeine is a psychoactive substance that occurs naturally in coffee. Manufacturers also include it in many sodas and energy drinks. While it is a socially acceptable substance, research is ...Red Bull, the leading energy drink in the country, has nearly the same sugar content as a similar-sized Coca-Cola but more than three times the caffeine. With …According to my analysis, Celsius packs a reasonably large amount of caffeine, a dash of natural flavors and extracts, an oversupply of vitamins, and a sprinkling of artificial sweeteners.In today’s fast-paced society, burnt out seems to be around every corner. Many people feel such a lack of energy or drive that getting through the day and accomplishing all of thei...Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Celsius Energy Drinks. Apart from being a good source of caffeine, Celsius Energy Drink has a slew of other advantages. For nighttime pauses, 200mg of caffeine is ideal. For night shifts, the caffeine content is adequate. The flavor profiles are the best part of this drink.CELSIUS Raspberry Acai Green Tea, Functional Essential Energy Drink 12 Fl Oz (Six 4-Packs) CELSIUS Sparkling Fuji Apple Pear, Functional Essential Energy Drink 12 Fl Oz Single Can CELSIUS HEAT On-the-Go Powder Stick Watermelon Ice, Functional Essential Energy 3.5 Oz (14 Stick Pack)Caffeine. Caffeine may be harmful, better consume in moderation. Celsius contains 200 mg caffeine per serving, while a cup of coffee provides you with a minimum of 95 mg caffeine. Considering the caffeine contents of both drinks, Celsius has a significantly higher caffeine content than coffee.03. CELSIUSCELSIUS-ESSENTIALSCELSIUS ON-THE-GO. THE ORIGINAL. CELSIUS is clinically proven to accelerate your metabolism and provide essential energy. Transform …Energy drinks like Monster, Red Bull, and 5-Hour Energy may help improve brain function and increase energy. But watch out for energy drinks loaded with added sugar. Energy drinks are intended to ...A can of Celsius contains 200 mg of caffeine, which is quite high for an energy drink despite being under the prescribed daily amount. In fact, Celsius contains more caffeine than other energy drink brands like Monster (160 mg) or Red Bull (80 mg), and if we count in the caffeine found in green tea and guarana seed extracts, the …Capital One has 29 locations across the US where cardholders can get half-priced drinks. But, there's more to these locations than just ATMs in a coffee shop. Did you know there's ...Celsius is a powerful brand online, but its presence in shops and outlets is modest. Celsius energy drink is one of the best energy drinks in the Philippines. It is dependable in providing additional energy to those who lead busy lives. ... Caffeine amount - Caffeine is a key component in practically all energy drinks. Caffeine, in excess, on ...CELSIUS On-the-Go Powder Stick Packs, Zero Sugar (14 Sticks per Pack) is a convenient and delicious way to enjoy the benefits of CELSIUS energy drinks. Each stick pack contains natural caffeine, essential vitamins, and no artificial ingredients. Just add water and enjoy the refreshing berry flavor. Whether you need a boost before your …How many mg of caffeine in Celsius? The Celsius energy drinks’ caffeine content varies among the brand’s five product lines: Celsius Original: 200 mg per can; …It all depends on which energy drink you choose. For example, there are some energy drinks with 100mg of caffeine or less like Red Bull (8.4 ounce), Aspire Healthy Energy and V8 Sparkling Energy. Then there are energy drinks with around 200mg of caffeine like C4, Ghost Energy and Rockstar.If you drink energy drinks or take dietary supplements, you may have noticed taurine in the ingredient list. There are lots of claims flying around about the health benefits of tau...Sep 14, 2007 ... Celsius™ contains 200 mg of caffeine per 12 oz, along with a proprietary blend of vitamins and phytochemicals. Many of these ingredients, ...Monster Energy is the brand name of a line of energy drinks designed for active people. As a competitor to Red Bull, the company branded itself as an alternative to soda, coffee an...Aug 9, 2023 · The Truth from a Dietitian. Jamie N, Registered Dietitian. August 9, 2023. No Comments. I’ve been getting this question more and more lately, in my IG DMs, from friends, and in my emails. Everyone wants to know: is Celsius bad for you? Is it actually a healthy energy drink? I’m a Registered Dietitian, and I’m here to give my professional answer. Feb 23, 2023 ... The amount of caffeine in one can of Celsius is 200–300 mg. How does this caffeine level compared to Red Bull vs 5-hour energy caffeine? Well, ...Consuming high amounts of caffeine can be risky for adolescents. Caffeine acts as a stimulant to increase alertness, and combined with the sugar found in energy drinks, works to create a “jolt” of energy, Dr. Garcia explains. The high can include side effects such as increases in heart rate and blood pressure, jitters and insomnia, quickly ...Celsius allowed users to earn interest on their cryptocurrency, but they are currently in bankruptcy and facing federal investigations. The College Investor Student Loans, Investin...Product details · Essential Energy with 200mg Caffeine · No Sugar, No Sodium, No Preservatives · No Artificial Flavors or Colors · 7 Essential Vitamins ...Celsius Heat Energy Drink: On the other hand, Celsius Heat Energy Drink contains a higher caffeine content. Each serving of Celsius Heat Energy Drink provides 300mg of caffeine . This higher caffeine dosage is intended to deliver a more intense energy kick and heightened performance during high-intensity workouts or demanding physical …Caffeine dependency is a real thing, and if you're used to consuming a certain amount of caffeine on a regular basis and suddenly stop, you'll likely experience withdrawal symptoms including ...When it comes to energy drinks, Celsius and Red Bull are two popular brands that dominate the market. While both aim to provide an energy boost, they differ in several aspects, including ingredients, target audience, and effects. Celsius, known for its fitness-oriented approach, offers a unique blend of ingredients that claim to boost metabolism and aid in weight loss. With … Features at a Glance. Caffeine provides flexible construction to create a cache with a combination of the following optional features: automatic loading of entries into the cache, optionally asynchronously. size-based eviction when a maximum is exceeded based on frequency and recency. time-based expiration of entries, measured since last access ... Energy drinks like Monster, Red Bull, and 5-Hour Energy may help improve brain function and increase energy. But watch out for energy drinks loaded with added sugar. Energy drinks are intended to ...Some of the 10 drinks your kids should not be drinking may seem healthy, but beware. Learn the risks of 10 drinks your kids shouldn't be drinking. Advertisement Many kids have a dr...The Celsius Energy Drink has 10 calories vs. 110 calories in the Red Bull. The Celsius Energy Drink doesn’t contain protein, and the Red Bull has <1 protein. The Celsius Energy Drink has 2 g sugar vs. 28 g sugar in the Red Bull. The Celsius Energy Drink has 0 sodium vs. 105 mg sodium in the Red Bull. The Celsius Energy Drink has …CELSIUS On-the-Go Powder Stick Packs, Zero Sugar (14 Sticks per Pack) is a convenient and delicious way to enjoy the benefits of CELSIUS energy drinks. Each stick pack contains natural caffeine, essential vitamins, and no artificial ingredients. Just add water and enjoy the refreshing berry flavor. Whether you need a boost before your …Learn about the caffeine content, ingredients, and benefits of Celsius Energy Drink, a popular brand in the US market. Compare …Celsius is an energy drink that has a fresh and crisp flavor that is reminiscent of fruit juices. Its 200 mg of caffeine is combined with a proprietary formula loaded with naturally derived ingredients that are focused on burning calories and maintaining health, making it a good pre-workout as well.Comparison with Other Energy Drinks. In comparison to popular energy drinks, Celsius contains a moderate amount of caffeine. You might be familiar with some leading energy drinks like Red Bull, Monster, and Rockstar. Celsius contains 200 mg of caffeine in a 12 fl oz can, which is considered a decent amount for boosting your energy. Meanwhile ...In today’s fast-paced world, convenience is key. Gone are the days when you had to battle traffic or wait in long lines just to get your morning coffee fix. With Starbucks delivery...Celsius Energy Drink: contains more caffeine per serving than Red Bull, making it a better choice for individuals needing a longer-lasting energy boost. Each 12 fl. oz can of Celsius Energy contains 200mg of caffeine, providing a stronger energy boost lasting extended periods. The higher caffeine content in Celsius is justified by its ...List of energy drinks. The following is a notable list of energy drinks, with a few coffee variants, and some soft drinks such as Coca-Cola, Mountain Dew, and Pepsi listed for comparison, and marked in a different color. The caffeine content in coffee and tea varies, depending on how the coffee beans were roasted, among other factors.Energy Drink Ingredients to Avoid. Beyond excess caffeine and sugar (the latter of which could potentially raise the likelihood of hair loss), some popular “healthy” energy drinks, such as Celsius, also include guarana, whose seed s contain about four times more caffeine than coffee beans (1).The seed itself isn’t unhealthy, but it’s an …Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Celsius is a sugar-free and low-calorie energy drink that contains 200mg or 300mg of caffeine per can. Learn how caffeine affects your body, how Celsius compares to other …In today’s fast-paced society, burnt out seems to be around every corner. Many people feel such a lack of energy or drive that getting through the day and accomplishing all of thei...Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Celsius, the liquidity-strapped crypto lender that this week paid down $223 million of loans on the blockchain protocol Maker to free up $450 mill... Celsius, the liquidity-strappe...On this episode, we speak with John Fieldly, the CEO and president of Celsius Holdings, about how his company became the third largest energy drink …Consuming a thermogenic drink (TD) acutely increases energy expenditure and serum markers of lipolysis in healthy, college-aged individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine if consuming TD over 28 days affects its acute thermogenic and lipolytic effects as well as body composition and clinical chemistry safety markers. CELSIUS Sparkling Fuji Apple Pear, Functional Essential Energy Drink 12 Fl Oz (Six 4-Packs) CELSIUS HEAT On-the-Go Powder Stick Berry Blast, Functional Essential Energy 3.6 Oz (Master Case of 6) CELSIUS Peach Mango Green Tea, Functional Essential Energy Drink 12 Fl Oz (Pack of 4) Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. CELH: Get the latest Celsius Holdings stock price and detailed information including CELH news, historical charts and realtime prices. As of the close of business on Friday, 6/2, w...A 12 fl. oz can of Celsius Original contains 200mg of caffeine, 10 calories, and is sugar-free with a generous serving of vitamins and minerals. The brand overall aims to aid in burning calories during workouts by stimulating thermogenesis in your body. For a more detailed discussion on the nutrition facts of Celsius energy drinks, read on to ...In a world that gets more hectic each day, people are always feeling run down and are looking for ways to boost their energy levels. However, many people want to avoid synthetic en...Dec 12, 2023 · The issue with Celsius is the concentration of caffeine; each 12 oz. can contains up to 300 mg of caffeine or 25 grams of caffeine for each ounce of the drink. This is more caffeine than its drink competitors Monster Energy Drink and Red Bull. One can of Celsius boasts 200 milligrams of caffeine while Celsius Heat has 300 mg of caffeine – more than three times the amount found in a typical cup of coffee. If the caffeine content is what keeps you returning for more, we've discovered one brand of energy drink that has even more. Enter Hyde Xtreme, the pre-workout beverage with a ...Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Caffeinated soda (12 oz) 37: Celsius energy drink (12 oz) 200: Rockstar Original energy drink (16 oz) 160: Chocolate milk (8 oz) 2: Hot cocoa (12 oz) 8–12: Dark chocolate (1.45 oz) 30: Milk ...In addition to caffeine, many energy drinks also employ other ingredients like amino acids and vitamins to enhance energy and benefit health. An increasingly common ingredient is taurine. ... Celsius' energy drink packs a huge punch with 200 milligrams of caffeine per can. It comes in an array of wild flavors complete with non-carbonated options.Dec 12, 2023 · The issue with Celsius is the concentration of caffeine; each 12 oz. can contains up to 300 mg of caffeine or 25 grams of caffeine for each ounce of the drink. This is more caffeine than its drink competitors Monster Energy Drink and Red Bull. Caffeine affects the body in several ways, from your brain to your digestive system. Whether it’s from coffee, tea, chocolate, or other sources, caffeine impacts your body in sever... Mashed. Celsius Energy Drinks Vs. Coffee: The Ultimate Caffeine Face-Off. Story by Nick Pisano. • 4mo • 2 min read. When you're craving caffeine, you have a lot of options. Find out if Celsius ... Energy Drink Ingredients to Avoid. Beyond excess caffeine and sugar (the latter of which could potentially raise the likelihood of hair loss), some popular “healthy” energy drinks, such as Celsius, also include guarana, whose seed s contain about four times more caffeine than coffee beans (1).The seed itself isn’t unhealthy, but it’s an …Ekologiška kava jūsų namuose ir Caffeine kavinėse. Nuo šiol visas mūsų parduodamas prekes kavinėje, gali įsigyti - Caffeine el. parduotuvėje. Išbandyk.Nov 22, 2021 ... Running low on energy? Grab a Celsius and get energized! Celsius ... Looking at Celsius compared to other energy drinks ... caffeine, this may be ...Mar 19, 2022 · Up to 400 milligrams (mg) of caffeine a day appears to be safe for most healthy adults. That's roughly the amount of caffeine in four cups of brewed coffee, 10 cans of cola or two "energy shot" drinks. Keep in mind that the actual caffeine content in beverages varies widely, especially among energy drinks. Caffeine in powder or liquid form can ...
Aside from being caffeine-free, Xtend Energy is known as a muscle-recovery-based powdered drink. Not only does it provide great energy, but stimulates muscle building. It has no sugar, no caffeine, no carbs, no dyes, and no calories! Additionally, Xtend is the right formulation of vitamins and amino acids.. Rock songs in the 90s
Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.Celsius Heat (12 fl oz): 300 mg. Celsius BCAA (12 fl oz): 100 mg. Celsius On-The-Go: 200 mg per packet. Celsius Heat On-The-Go: 300 mg per packet. Notably, most Celsius beverages encompass a caffeine range of 200-300 milligrams per 12-ounce can. It’s worth highlighting that the caffeine levels in Celsius products remain consistent ... Features at a Glance. Caffeine provides flexible construction to create a cache with a combination of the following optional features: automatic loading of entries into the cache, optionally asynchronously. size-based eviction when a maximum is exceeded based on frequency and recency. time-based expiration of entries, measured since last access ... The American Academy of Pediatrics says that energy drinks should be totally off-limits to kids and adolescents. A cup of cola contains about 45 milligrams of caffeine, while a cup of coffee has ...Sep 9, 2022 ... this celsius drink, which is like a flavored, low-profile calorie. I think there are only ten calories in here. Energy drink, caffeine ...USA TODAY. 0:04. 1:07. People who drink Celsius may be eligible to receive compensation from a class action lawsuit settlement with the popular energy drink company, and earn up to $250. The ...The History of CELSIUS Energy Drink. Have you been searching for an energy drink that not only fuels your performance but also aligns with your dietary preferences? Look no further than CELSIUS - the original functional energy drink for active people in the Nordic countries. Check out the can here: Since its launch in Sweden in … Features at a Glance. Caffeine provides flexible construction to create a cache with a combination of the following optional features: automatic loading of entries into the cache, optionally asynchronously. size-based eviction when a maximum is exceeded based on frequency and recency. time-based expiration of entries, measured since last access ... Introduction. Over the past decade, the popularity of energy drinks has accelerated, particularly among adolescents. In 2006, more than 30% adolescents reported consuming energy drinks regularly [].The widespread use of energy drinks has brought great health concerns worldwide [2-3].Several studies postulated caffeinated energy …Amazon.com : CELSIUS Raspberry Acai Green Tea, Functional Essential Energy Drink 12 Fl Oz (Pack of 12) Packaging may vary : Bottled Iced Tea Drinks : Grocery & Gourmet Food ... Guarana provides a natural source of caffeine. Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of …Unlike most guarana drinks, CELSIUS uses the seeds (instead of the roots), which contain over twice the amount of caffeine than the average coffee bean. Vitamin C Also known as an ascorbic acid, vitamin C is an essential nutrient that aids the immune system and helps with tissue repair and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. Celsius energy drink contains around 10 calories per 12 oz can, 0g of sugar, and 200mg of caffeine. Celsius energy drink is sugar-free and vegan. It’s recommended to have no more than 2 cans (12 oz each) or servings of Celsius per day for most people. Feb 23, 2023 · In conclusion, Celsius Energy Drink contains 200 milligrams of caffeine per 12-ounce can, comparable to other popular energy drinks. Caffeine has both health benefits and risks, and it is important to consume it in moderation. By following the recommended guidelines and staying hydrated, you can enjoy Celsius Energy Drink responsibly. Each 12 fl.oz can of Celsius Energy has 200mg of caffeine, while Red Bull contains 80mg in every 8.4 fl.oz serving. ... Celsius Energy Drink (12 fl.oz) Red Bull Energy Drink (8.4 fl.oz) Tolerable Upper Intake …Celsius is a powerful brand online, but its presence in shops and outlets is modest. Celsius energy drink is one of the best energy drinks in the Philippines. It is dependable in providing additional energy to those who lead busy lives. ... Caffeine amount - Caffeine is a key component in practically all energy drinks. Caffeine, in excess, on ...Nov 22, 2021 ... Weight Loss Energy Drink backed by 6 clinical studies NO high fructose corn syrup NO Aspartame NO preservatives NO Artificial Colors or Flavors ...The main active ingredients in Celsius Energy Drink are caffeine, green tea extract, guarana extract, ginger extract, and vitamins B6 and B12, which all increase mental alertness and focus. Each serving of Celsius energy drink provides a minimum of 200 milligrams of caffeine, which is more than twice the caffeine in a cup of coffee.Bai Boost (Black Raspberry) Bai. 10 calories, 0g fat (0g saturated fat), 5mg sodium, 11g carbs (0g fiber, 1g sugar), 0g protein. Bai Boosts are an energy-boosting addition to Bai's traditional line of antioxidant beverages. With as much caffeine as a cup of coffee—and offered in a variety of flavors—these drinks are both stimulating and ...Celsius energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine, with some varieties containing up to 200 milligrams per serving. While caffeine can provide a temporary boost in energy and mental alertness, excessive caffeine consumption can lead to a range of negative side effects, including insomnia, anxiety, and heart palpitations..